 | Melanotaenia affinis North New Guinea rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia ajamaruensis Ajamaru lakes rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia angfa Yakati rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia arfakensis Arfak rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia batanta Batanta rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia boesemani Boeseman's rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia caerulea Blue rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia catherinae Waigeo rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia corona Corona rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia duboulayi Duboulay's rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia eachamensis Lake Eacham rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia exquisita Exquisite rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia fluviatilis |
| Melanotaenia fredericki Sorong rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia goldiei Goldie River rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia gracilis Slender rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia herbertaxelrodi Lake Tebera rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia irianjaya Irian Jaya rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia iris Strickland rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia japenensis Yapen rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia kamaka Kamaka rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia lacustris Lake Kutubu rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia lakamora Lakamora rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia maccullochi Macculloch's rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia maylandi Mayland's rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia misoolensis Misool rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia monticola Mountain rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia mubiensis Mubi rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia nigrans Black-banded rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia ogilbyi Ogilby's rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia oktediensis Oktedi rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia papuae Papuan rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia parkinsoni Parkinson's rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia parva Lake Kuromai rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia pierucciae Pierucci's rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia pimaensis Pima River rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia praecox Dwarf rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia pygmaea Pygmy rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia rubripinnis Red-finned rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia sexlineata Fly River rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia splendida australis Western rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia splendida inornata Checkered rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia splendida rubrostriata Red-striped rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia splendida splendida Eastern rainbow fish |
| Melanotaenia splendida tatei Desert rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia sylvatica |
| Melanotaenia trifasciata Banded rainbowfish |
| Melanotaenia vanheurni Van Heurn's rainbowfish |
